diff --git a/api/controllers/console/workspace/account.py b/api/controllers/console/workspace/account.py
index 55eaa2f09f..03ad0f423b 100644
--- a/api/controllers/console/workspace/account.py
+++ b/api/controllers/console/workspace/account.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Literal
 
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@ class AccountPasswordPayload(BaseModel):
     repeat_new_password: str
 
     @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def check_passwords_match(self) -> "AccountPasswordPayload":
+    def check_passwords_match(self) -> AccountPasswordPayload:
         if self.new_password != self.repeat_new_password:
             raise RepeatPasswordNotMatchError()
         return self
diff --git a/api/core/datasource/__base/datasource_plugin.py b/api/core/datasource/__base/datasource_plugin.py
index 50c7249fe4..451e4fda0e 100644
--- a/api/core/datasource/__base/datasource_plugin.py
+++ b/api/core/datasource/__base/datasource_plugin.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 
 from configs import dify_config
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ class DatasourcePlugin(ABC):
         """
         return DatasourceProviderType.LOCAL_FILE
 
-    def fork_datasource_runtime(self, runtime: DatasourceRuntime) -> "DatasourcePlugin":
+    def fork_datasource_runtime(self, runtime: DatasourceRuntime) -> DatasourcePlugin:
         return self.__class__(
             entity=self.entity.model_copy(),
             runtime=runtime,
diff --git a/api/core/datasource/entities/datasource_entities.py b/api/core/datasource/entities/datasource_entities.py
index 260dcf04f5..dde7d59726 100644
--- a/api/core/datasource/entities/datasource_entities.py
+++ b/api/core/datasource/entities/datasource_entities.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import enum
 from enum import StrEnum
 from typing import Any
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ class DatasourceProviderType(enum.StrEnum):
     ONLINE_DRIVE = "online_drive"
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "DatasourceProviderType":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> DatasourceProviderType:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ class DatasourceParameter(PluginParameter):
         typ: DatasourceParameterType,
         required: bool,
         options: list[str] | None = None,
-    ) -> "DatasourceParameter":
+    ) -> DatasourceParameter:
         """
         get a simple datasource parameter
 
@@ -187,14 +189,14 @@ class DatasourceInvokeMeta(BaseModel):
     tool_config: dict | None = None
 
     @classmethod
-    def empty(cls) -> "DatasourceInvokeMeta":
+    def empty(cls) -> DatasourceInvokeMeta:
         """
         Get an empty instance of DatasourceInvokeMeta
         """
         return cls(time_cost=0.0, error=None, tool_config={})
 
     @classmethod
-    def error_instance(cls, error: str) -> "DatasourceInvokeMeta":
+    def error_instance(cls, error: str) -> DatasourceInvokeMeta:
         """
         Get an instance of DatasourceInvokeMeta with error
         """
diff --git a/api/core/entities/mcp_provider.py b/api/core/entities/mcp_provider.py
index 7fdf5e4be6..135d2a4945 100644
--- a/api/core/entities/mcp_provider.py
+++ b/api/core/entities/mcp_provider.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import StrEnum
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ class MCPProviderEntity(BaseModel):
     updated_at: datetime
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_db_model(cls, db_provider: "MCPToolProvider") -> "MCPProviderEntity":
+    def from_db_model(cls, db_provider: MCPToolProvider) -> MCPProviderEntity:
         """Create entity from database model with decryption"""
 
         return cls(
diff --git a/api/core/entities/provider_entities.py b/api/core/entities/provider_entities.py
index 8a8067332d..0078ec7e4f 100644
--- a/api/core/entities/provider_entities.py
+++ b/api/core/entities/provider_entities.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from enum import StrEnum, auto
 from typing import Union
 
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ class BasicProviderConfig(BaseModel):
         TOOLS_SELECTOR = CommonParameterType.TOOLS_SELECTOR
 
         @classmethod
-        def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "ProviderConfig.Type":
+        def value_of(cls, value: str) -> ProviderConfig.Type:
             """
             Get value of given mode.
 
diff --git a/api/core/mcp/session/base_session.py b/api/core/mcp/session/base_session.py
index c97ae6eac7..84a6fd0d1f 100644
--- a/api/core/mcp/session/base_session.py
+++ b/api/core/mcp/session/base_session.py
@@ -68,13 +68,7 @@ class RequestResponder(Generic[ReceiveRequestT, SendResultT]):
         request_id: RequestId,
         request_meta: RequestParams.Meta | None,
         request: ReceiveRequestT,
-        session: """BaseSession[
-            SendRequestT,
-            SendNotificationT,
-            SendResultT,
-            ReceiveRequestT,
-            ReceiveNotificationT
-        ]""",
+        session: """BaseSession[SendRequestT, SendNotificationT, SendResultT, ReceiveRequestT, ReceiveNotificationT]""",
         on_complete: Callable[["RequestResponder[ReceiveRequestT, SendResultT]"], Any],
     ):
         self.request_id = request_id
diff --git a/api/core/model_runtime/entities/message_entities.py b/api/core/model_runtime/entities/message_entities.py
index 89dae2dbff..3ac83b4c96 100644
--- a/api/core/model_runtime/entities/message_entities.py
+++ b/api/core/model_runtime/entities/message_entities.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from abc import ABC
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from enum import StrEnum, auto
@@ -17,7 +19,7 @@ class PromptMessageRole(StrEnum):
     TOOL = auto()
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "PromptMessageRole":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> PromptMessageRole:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
diff --git a/api/core/model_runtime/entities/model_entities.py b/api/core/model_runtime/entities/model_entities.py
index aee6ce1108..19194d162c 100644
--- a/api/core/model_runtime/entities/model_entities.py
+++ b/api/core/model_runtime/entities/model_entities.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from decimal import Decimal
 from enum import StrEnum, auto
 from typing import Any
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ class ModelType(StrEnum):
     TTS = auto()
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, origin_model_type: str) -> "ModelType":
+    def value_of(cls, origin_model_type: str) -> ModelType:
         """
         Get model type from origin model type.
 
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ class DefaultParameterName(StrEnum):
     JSON_SCHEMA = auto()
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: Any) -> "DefaultParameterName":
+    def value_of(cls, value: Any) -> DefaultParameterName:
         """
         Get parameter name from value.
 
diff --git a/api/core/model_runtime/model_providers/model_provider_factory.py b/api/core/model_runtime/model_providers/model_provider_factory.py
index 12a202ce64..28f162a928 100644
--- a/api/core/model_runtime/model_providers/model_provider_factory.py
+++ b/api/core/model_runtime/model_providers/model_provider_factory.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import hashlib
 import logging
 from collections.abc import Sequence
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ class ModelProviderFactory:
         plugin_providers = self.get_plugin_model_providers()
         return [provider.declaration for provider in plugin_providers]
 
-    def get_plugin_model_providers(self) -> Sequence["PluginModelProviderEntity"]:
+    def get_plugin_model_providers(self) -> Sequence[PluginModelProviderEntity]:
         """
         Get all plugin model providers
         :return: list of plugin model providers
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ class ModelProviderFactory:
         plugin_model_provider_entity = self.get_plugin_model_provider(provider=provider)
         return plugin_model_provider_entity.declaration
 
-    def get_plugin_model_provider(self, provider: str) -> "PluginModelProviderEntity":
+    def get_plugin_model_provider(self, provider: str) -> PluginModelProviderEntity:
         """
         Get plugin model provider
         :param provider: provider name
diff --git a/api/core/plugin/entities/plugin_daemon.py b/api/core/plugin/entities/plugin_daemon.py
index 3b83121357..6674228dc0 100644
--- a/api/core/plugin/entities/plugin_daemon.py
+++ b/api/core/plugin/entities/plugin_daemon.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import enum
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from datetime import datetime
@@ -242,7 +244,7 @@ class CredentialType(enum.StrEnum):
         return [item.value for item in cls]
 
     @classmethod
-    def of(cls, credential_type: str) -> "CredentialType":
+    def of(cls, credential_type: str) -> CredentialType:
         type_name = credential_type.lower()
         if type_name in {"api-key", "api_key"}:
             return cls.API_KEY
diff --git a/api/core/rag/datasource/vdb/clickzetta/clickzetta_vector.py b/api/core/rag/datasource/vdb/clickzetta/clickzetta_vector.py
index e05b70ba22..91bb71bfa6 100644
--- a/api/core/rag/datasource/vdb/clickzetta/clickzetta_vector.py
+++ b/api/core/rag/datasource/vdb/clickzetta/clickzetta_vector.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import contextlib
 import json
 import logging
@@ -6,7 +8,7 @@ import re
 import threading
 import time
 import uuid
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 import clickzetta  # type: ignore
 from pydantic import BaseModel, model_validator
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ class ClickzettaConnectionPool:
     Manages connection reuse across ClickzettaVector instances.
     """
 
-    _instance: Optional["ClickzettaConnectionPool"] = None
+    _instance: ClickzettaConnectionPool | None = None
     _lock = threading.Lock()
 
     def __init__(self):
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ class ClickzettaConnectionPool:
         self._start_cleanup_thread()
 
     @classmethod
-    def get_instance(cls) -> "ClickzettaConnectionPool":
+    def get_instance(cls) -> ClickzettaConnectionPool:
         """Get singleton instance of connection pool."""
         if cls._instance is None:
             with cls._lock:
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ class ClickzettaConnectionPool:
             f"{config.workspace}:{config.vcluster}:{config.schema_name}"
         )
 
-    def _create_connection(self, config: ClickzettaConfig) -> "Connection":
+    def _create_connection(self, config: ClickzettaConfig) -> Connection:
         """Create a new ClickZetta connection."""
         max_retries = 3
         retry_delay = 1.0
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ class ClickzettaConnectionPool:
 
         raise RuntimeError(f"Failed to create ClickZetta connection after {max_retries} attempts")
 
-    def _configure_connection(self, connection: "Connection"):
+    def _configure_connection(self, connection: Connection):
         """Configure connection session settings."""
         try:
             with connection.cursor() as cursor:
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ class ClickzettaConnectionPool:
         except Exception:
             logger.exception("Failed to configure connection, continuing with defaults")
 
-    def _is_connection_valid(self, connection: "Connection") -> bool:
+    def _is_connection_valid(self, connection: Connection) -> bool:
         """Check if connection is still valid."""
         try:
             with connection.cursor() as cursor:
@@ -190,7 +192,7 @@ class ClickzettaConnectionPool:
         except Exception:
             return False
 
-    def get_connection(self, config: ClickzettaConfig) -> "Connection":
+    def get_connection(self, config: ClickzettaConfig) -> Connection:
         """Get a connection from the pool or create a new one."""
         config_key = self._get_config_key(config)
 
@@ -221,7 +223,7 @@ class ClickzettaConnectionPool:
             # No valid connection found, create new one
             return self._create_connection(config)
 
-    def return_connection(self, config: ClickzettaConfig, connection: "Connection"):
+    def return_connection(self, config: ClickzettaConfig, connection: Connection):
         """Return a connection to the pool."""
         config_key = self._get_config_key(config)
 
@@ -315,22 +317,22 @@ class ClickzettaVector(BaseVector):
         self._connection_pool = ClickzettaConnectionPool.get_instance()
         self._init_write_queue()
 
-    def _get_connection(self) -> "Connection":
+    def _get_connection(self) -> Connection:
         """Get a connection from the pool."""
         return self._connection_pool.get_connection(self._config)
 
-    def _return_connection(self, connection: "Connection"):
+    def _return_connection(self, connection: Connection):
         """Return a connection to the pool."""
         self._connection_pool.return_connection(self._config, connection)
 
     class ConnectionContext:
         """Context manager for borrowing and returning connections."""
 
-        def __init__(self, vector_instance: "ClickzettaVector"):
+        def __init__(self, vector_instance: ClickzettaVector):
             self.vector = vector_instance
             self.connection: Connection | None = None
 
-        def __enter__(self) -> "Connection":
+        def __enter__(self) -> Connection:
             self.connection = self.vector._get_connection()
             return self.connection
 
@@ -338,7 +340,7 @@ class ClickzettaVector(BaseVector):
             if self.connection:
                 self.vector._return_connection(self.connection)
 
-    def get_connection_context(self) -> "ClickzettaVector.ConnectionContext":
+    def get_connection_context(self) -> ClickzettaVector.ConnectionContext:
         """Get a connection context manager."""
         return self.ConnectionContext(self)
 
@@ -437,7 +439,7 @@ class ClickzettaVector(BaseVector):
         """Return the vector database type."""
         return "clickzetta"
 
-    def _ensure_connection(self) -> "Connection":
+    def _ensure_connection(self) -> Connection:
         """Get a connection from the pool."""
         return self._get_connection()
 
diff --git a/api/core/rag/docstore/dataset_docstore.py b/api/core/rag/docstore/dataset_docstore.py
index 1fe74d3042..69adac522d 100644
--- a/api/core/rag/docstore/dataset_docstore.py
+++ b/api/core/rag/docstore/dataset_docstore.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from typing import Any
 
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ class DatasetDocumentStore:
         self._document_id = document_id
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, config_dict: dict[str, Any]) -> "DatasetDocumentStore":
+    def from_dict(cls, config_dict: dict[str, Any]) -> DatasetDocumentStore:
         return cls(**config_dict)
 
     def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
diff --git a/api/core/rag/pipeline/queue.py b/api/core/rag/pipeline/queue.py
index 7472598a7f..bf8db95b4e 100644
--- a/api/core/rag/pipeline/queue.py
+++ b/api/core/rag/pipeline/queue.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from typing import Any
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ class TaskWrapper(BaseModel):
         return self.model_dump_json()
 
     @classmethod
-    def deserialize(cls, serialized_data: str) -> "TaskWrapper":
+    def deserialize(cls, serialized_data: str) -> TaskWrapper:
         return cls.model_validate_json(serialized_data)
 
 
diff --git a/api/core/schemas/registry.py b/api/core/schemas/registry.py
index 51bfae1cd3..b4ecfe47ff 100644
--- a/api/core/schemas/registry.py
+++ b/api/core/schemas/registry.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import logging
 import threading
 from collections.abc import Mapping, MutableMapping
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, ClassVar, Optional
+from typing import Any, ClassVar
 
 
 class SchemaRegistry:
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ class SchemaRegistry:
 
     logger: ClassVar[logging.Logger] = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-    _default_instance: ClassVar[Optional["SchemaRegistry"]] = None
+    _default_instance: ClassVar[SchemaRegistry | None] = None
     _lock: ClassVar[threading.Lock] = threading.Lock()
 
     def __init__(self, base_dir: str):
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ class SchemaRegistry:
         self.metadata: MutableMapping[str, MutableMapping[str, Any]] = {}
 
     @classmethod
-    def default_registry(cls) -> "SchemaRegistry":
+    def default_registry(cls) -> SchemaRegistry:
         """Returns the default schema registry for builtin schemas (thread-safe singleton)"""
         if cls._default_instance is None:
             with cls._lock:
diff --git a/api/core/tools/__base/tool.py b/api/core/tools/__base/tool.py
index 8ca4eabb7a..ebd200a822 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/__base/tool.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/__base/tool.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Generator
 from copy import deepcopy
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ class Tool(ABC):
         self.entity = entity
         self.runtime = runtime
 
-    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> "Tool":
+    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> Tool:
         """
         fork a new tool with metadata
         :return: the new tool
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ class Tool(ABC):
             type=ToolInvokeMessage.MessageType.IMAGE, message=ToolInvokeMessage.TextMessage(text=image)
         )
 
-    def create_file_message(self, file: "File") -> ToolInvokeMessage:
+    def create_file_message(self, file: File) -> ToolInvokeMessage:
         return ToolInvokeMessage(
             type=ToolInvokeMessage.MessageType.FILE,
             message=ToolInvokeMessage.FileMessage(),
diff --git a/api/core/tools/builtin_tool/tool.py b/api/core/tools/builtin_tool/tool.py
index 84efefba07..51b0407886 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/builtin_tool/tool.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/builtin_tool/tool.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from core.model_runtime.entities.llm_entities import LLMResult
 from core.model_runtime.entities.message_entities import PromptMessage, SystemPromptMessage, UserPromptMessage
 from core.tools.__base.tool import Tool
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ class BuiltinTool(Tool):
         super().__init__(**kwargs)
         self.provider = provider
 
-    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> "BuiltinTool":
+    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> BuiltinTool:
         """
         fork a new tool with metadata
         :return: the new tool
diff --git a/api/core/tools/custom_tool/provider.py b/api/core/tools/custom_tool/provider.py
index 0cc992155a..e2f6c00555 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/custom_tool/provider.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/custom_tool/provider.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from pydantic import Field
 from sqlalchemy import select
 
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ class ApiToolProviderController(ToolProviderController):
         self.tools = []
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_db(cls, db_provider: ApiToolProvider, auth_type: ApiProviderAuthType) -> "ApiToolProviderController":
+    def from_db(cls, db_provider: ApiToolProvider, auth_type: ApiProviderAuthType) -> ApiToolProviderController:
         credentials_schema = [
             ProviderConfig(
                 name="auth_type",
diff --git a/api/core/tools/entities/tool_entities.py b/api/core/tools/entities/tool_entities.py
index 583a3584f7..b5c7a6310c 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/entities/tool_entities.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/entities/tool_entities.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import base64
 import contextlib
 from collections.abc import Mapping
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ class ToolProviderType(StrEnum):
     MCP = auto()
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "ToolProviderType":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> ToolProviderType:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ class ApiProviderSchemaType(StrEnum):
     OPENAI_ACTIONS = auto()
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "ApiProviderSchemaType":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> ApiProviderSchemaType:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ class ApiProviderAuthType(StrEnum):
     API_KEY_QUERY = auto()
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "ApiProviderAuthType":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> ApiProviderAuthType:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
@@ -307,7 +309,7 @@ class ToolParameter(PluginParameter):
         typ: ToolParameterType,
         required: bool,
         options: list[str] | None = None,
-    ) -> "ToolParameter":
+    ) -> ToolParameter:
         """
         get a simple tool parameter
 
@@ -429,14 +431,14 @@ class ToolInvokeMeta(BaseModel):
     tool_config: dict | None = None
 
     @classmethod
-    def empty(cls) -> "ToolInvokeMeta":
+    def empty(cls) -> ToolInvokeMeta:
         """
         Get an empty instance of ToolInvokeMeta
         """
         return cls(time_cost=0.0, error=None, tool_config={})
 
     @classmethod
-    def error_instance(cls, error: str) -> "ToolInvokeMeta":
+    def error_instance(cls, error: str) -> ToolInvokeMeta:
         """
         Get an instance of ToolInvokeMeta with error
         """
diff --git a/api/core/tools/mcp_tool/tool.py b/api/core/tools/mcp_tool/tool.py
index 96917045e3..ef9e9c103a 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/mcp_tool/tool.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/mcp_tool/tool.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import base64
 import json
 import logging
@@ -118,7 +120,7 @@ class MCPTool(Tool):
         for item in json_list:
             yield self.create_json_message(item)
 
-    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> "MCPTool":
+    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> MCPTool:
         return MCPTool(
             entity=self.entity,
             runtime=runtime,
diff --git a/api/core/tools/plugin_tool/tool.py b/api/core/tools/plugin_tool/tool.py
index 828dc3b810..d3a2ad488c 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/plugin_tool/tool.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/plugin_tool/tool.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections.abc import Generator
 from typing import Any
 
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ class PluginTool(Tool):
             message_id=message_id,
         )
 
-    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> "PluginTool":
+    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> PluginTool:
         return PluginTool(
             entity=self.entity,
             runtime=runtime,
diff --git a/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/provider.py b/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/provider.py
index 5422f5250b..a706f101ca 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/provider.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/provider.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections.abc import Mapping
 
 from pydantic import Field
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ class WorkflowToolProviderController(ToolProviderController):
         self.provider_id = provider_id
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_db(cls, db_provider: WorkflowToolProvider) -> "WorkflowToolProviderController":
+    def from_db(cls, db_provider: WorkflowToolProvider) -> WorkflowToolProviderController:
         with session_factory.create_session() as session, session.begin():
             app = session.get(App, db_provider.app_id)
             if not app:
diff --git a/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/tool.py b/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/tool.py
index 30334f5da8..81a1d54199 100644
--- a/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/tool.py
+++ b/api/core/tools/workflow_as_tool/tool.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import logging
 from collections.abc import Generator, Mapping, Sequence
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ class WorkflowTool(Tool):
                             return found
         return None
 
-    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> "WorkflowTool":
+    def fork_tool_runtime(self, runtime: ToolRuntime) -> WorkflowTool:
         """
         fork a new tool with metadata
 
diff --git a/api/core/variables/types.py b/api/core/variables/types.py
index ce71711344..13b926c978 100644
--- a/api/core/variables/types.py
+++ b/api/core/variables/types.py
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections.abc import Mapping
 from enum import StrEnum
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 from core.file.models import File
 
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ class SegmentType(StrEnum):
         return self in _ARRAY_TYPES
 
     @classmethod
-    def infer_segment_type(cls, value: Any) -> Optional["SegmentType"]:
+    def infer_segment_type(cls, value: Any) -> SegmentType | None:
         """
         Attempt to infer the `SegmentType` based on the Python type of the `value` parameter.
 
@@ -173,7 +175,7 @@ class SegmentType(StrEnum):
             raise AssertionError("this statement should be unreachable.")
 
     @staticmethod
-    def cast_value(value: Any, type_: "SegmentType"):
+    def cast_value(value: Any, type_: SegmentType):
         # Cast Python's `bool` type to `int` when the runtime type requires
         # an integer or number.
         #
@@ -193,7 +195,7 @@ class SegmentType(StrEnum):
             return [int(i) for i in value]
         return value
 
-    def exposed_type(self) -> "SegmentType":
+    def exposed_type(self) -> SegmentType:
         """Returns the type exposed to the frontend.
 
         The frontend treats `INTEGER` and `FLOAT` as `NUMBER`, so these are returned as `NUMBER` here.
@@ -202,7 +204,7 @@ class SegmentType(StrEnum):
             return SegmentType.NUMBER
         return self
 
-    def element_type(self) -> "SegmentType | None":
+    def element_type(self) -> SegmentType | None:
         """Return the element type of the current segment type, or `None` if the element type is undefined.
 
         Raises:
@@ -217,7 +219,7 @@ class SegmentType(StrEnum):
         return _ARRAY_ELEMENT_TYPES_MAPPING.get(self)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def get_zero_value(t: "SegmentType"):
+    def get_zero_value(t: SegmentType):
         # Lazy import to avoid circular dependency
         from factories import variable_factory
 
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/entities/workflow_execution.py b/api/core/workflow/entities/workflow_execution.py
index a8a86d3db2..1b3fb36f1f 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/entities/workflow_execution.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/entities/workflow_execution.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ Models are independent of the storage mechanism and don't contain
 implementation details like tenant_id, app_id, etc.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections.abc import Mapping
 from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Any
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ class WorkflowExecution(BaseModel):
         graph: Mapping[str, Any],
         inputs: Mapping[str, Any],
         started_at: datetime,
-    ) -> "WorkflowExecution":
+    ) -> WorkflowExecution:
         return WorkflowExecution(
             id_=id_,
             workflow_id=workflow_id,
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/graph/graph.py b/api/core/workflow/graph/graph.py
index ba5a01fc94..7be94c2426 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/graph/graph.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/graph/graph.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
 from collections import defaultdict
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
@@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ class Graph:
     def _create_node_instances(
         cls,
         node_configs_map: dict[str, dict[str, object]],
-        node_factory: "NodeFactory",
+        node_factory: NodeFactory,
     ) -> dict[str, Node]:
         """
         Create node instances from configurations using the node factory.
@@ -197,7 +199,7 @@ class Graph:
         return nodes
 
     @classmethod
-    def new(cls) -> "GraphBuilder":
+    def new(cls) -> GraphBuilder:
         """Create a fluent builder for assembling a graph programmatically."""
 
         return GraphBuilder(graph_cls=cls)
@@ -284,9 +286,9 @@ class Graph:
         cls,
         *,
         graph_config: Mapping[str, object],
-        node_factory: "NodeFactory",
+        node_factory: NodeFactory,
         root_node_id: str | None = None,
-    ) -> "Graph":
+    ) -> Graph:
         """
         Initialize graph
 
@@ -383,7 +385,7 @@ class GraphBuilder:
         self._edges: list[Edge] = []
         self._edge_counter = 0
 
-    def add_root(self, node: Node) -> "GraphBuilder":
+    def add_root(self, node: Node) -> GraphBuilder:
         """Register the root node. Must be called exactly once."""
 
         if self._nodes:
@@ -398,7 +400,7 @@ class GraphBuilder:
         *,
         from_node_id: str | None = None,
         source_handle: str = "source",
-    ) -> "GraphBuilder":
+    ) -> GraphBuilder:
         """Append a node and connect it from the specified predecessor."""
 
         if not self._nodes:
@@ -419,7 +421,7 @@ class GraphBuilder:
 
         return self
 
-    def connect(self, *, tail: str, head: str, source_handle: str = "source") -> "GraphBuilder":
+    def connect(self, *, tail: str, head: str, source_handle: str = "source") -> GraphBuilder:
         """Connect two existing nodes without adding a new node."""
 
         if tail not in self._nodes_by_id:
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/graph_engine.py b/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/graph_engine.py
index 500ba4487b..9a870d7bf5 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/graph_engine.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/graph_engine.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ This engine uses a modular architecture with separated packages following
 Domain-Driven Design principles for improved maintainability and testability.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import contextvars
 import logging
 import queue
@@ -232,7 +234,7 @@ class GraphEngine:
     ) -> None:
         layer.initialize(ReadOnlyGraphRuntimeStateWrapper(self._graph_runtime_state), self._command_channel)
 
-    def layer(self, layer: GraphEngineLayer) -> "GraphEngine":
+    def layer(self, layer: GraphEngineLayer) -> GraphEngine:
         """Add a layer for extending functionality."""
         self._layers.append(layer)
         self._bind_layer_context(layer)
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/ready_queue/factory.py b/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/ready_queue/factory.py
index 1144e1de69..a9d4f470e5 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/ready_queue/factory.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/ready_queue/factory.py
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 Factory for creating ReadyQueue instances from serialized state.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from .in_memory import InMemoryReadyQueue
@@ -11,7 +13,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .protocol import ReadyQueue
 
 
-def create_ready_queue_from_state(state: ReadyQueueState) -> "ReadyQueue":
+def create_ready_queue_from_state(state: ReadyQueueState) -> ReadyQueue:
     """
     Create a ReadyQueue instance from a serialized state.
 
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/response_coordinator/session.py b/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/response_coordinator/session.py
index 8b7c2e441e..8ceaa428c3 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/response_coordinator/session.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/response_coordinator/session.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ This module contains the private ResponseSession class used internally
 by ResponseStreamCoordinator to manage streaming sessions.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
 from core.workflow.nodes.answer.answer_node import AnswerNode
@@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ class ResponseSession:
     index: int = 0  # Current position in the template segments
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_node(cls, node: Node) -> "ResponseSession":
+    def from_node(cls, node: Node) -> ResponseSession:
         """
         Create a ResponseSession from an AnswerNode or EndNode.
 
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/nodes/agent/agent_node.py b/api/core/workflow/nodes/agent/agent_node.py
index 4be006de11..234651ce96 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/nodes/agent/agent_node.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/nodes/agent/agent_node.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 from collections.abc import Generator, Mapping, Sequence
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, cast
@@ -167,7 +169,7 @@ class AgentNode(Node[AgentNodeData]):
         variable_pool: VariablePool,
         node_data: AgentNodeData,
         for_log: bool = False,
-        strategy: "PluginAgentStrategy",
+        strategy: PluginAgentStrategy,
     ) -> dict[str, Any]:
         """
         Generate parameters based on the given tool parameters, variable pool, and node data.
@@ -328,7 +330,7 @@ class AgentNode(Node[AgentNodeData]):
     def _generate_credentials(
         self,
         parameters: dict[str, Any],
-    ) -> "InvokeCredentials":
+    ) -> InvokeCredentials:
         """
         Generate credentials based on the given agent parameters.
         """
@@ -442,9 +444,7 @@ class AgentNode(Node[AgentNodeData]):
                     model_schema.features.remove(feature)
         return model_schema
 
-    def _filter_mcp_type_tool(
-        self, strategy: "PluginAgentStrategy", tools: list[dict[str, Any]]
-    ) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    def _filter_mcp_type_tool(self, strategy: PluginAgentStrategy, tools: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
         """
         Filter MCP type tool
         :param strategy: plugin agent strategy
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/entities.py b/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/entities.py
index 5aab6bbde4..e5a20c8e91 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/entities.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/entities.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 from abc import ABC
 from builtins import type as type_
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ class DefaultValue(BaseModel):
             raise DefaultValueTypeError(f"Cannot convert to number: {value}")
 
     @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def validate_value_type(self) -> "DefaultValue":
+    def validate_value_type(self) -> DefaultValue:
         # Type validation configuration
         type_validators = {
             DefaultValueType.STRING: {
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/node.py b/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/node.py
index e7282313b6..55c8db40ea 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/node.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/node.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import importlib
 import logging
 import operator
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
 class Node(Generic[NodeDataT]):
-    node_type: ClassVar["NodeType"]
+    node_type: ClassVar[NodeType]
     execution_type: NodeExecutionType = NodeExecutionType.EXECUTABLE
     _node_data_type: ClassVar[type[BaseNodeData]] = BaseNodeData
 
@@ -198,14 +200,14 @@ class Node(Generic[NodeDataT]):
         return None
 
     # Global registry populated via __init_subclass__
-    _registry: ClassVar[dict["NodeType", dict[str, type["Node"]]]] = {}
+    _registry: ClassVar[dict[NodeType, dict[str, type[Node]]]] = {}
 
     def __init__(
         self,
         id: str,
         config: Mapping[str, Any],
-        graph_init_params: "GraphInitParams",
-        graph_runtime_state: "GraphRuntimeState",
+        graph_init_params: GraphInitParams,
+        graph_runtime_state: GraphRuntimeState,
     ) -> None:
         self._graph_init_params = graph_init_params
         self.id = id
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ class Node(Generic[NodeDataT]):
         return
 
     @property
-    def graph_init_params(self) -> "GraphInitParams":
+    def graph_init_params(self) -> GraphInitParams:
         return self._graph_init_params
 
     @property
@@ -457,7 +459,7 @@ class Node(Generic[NodeDataT]):
         raise NotImplementedError("subclasses of BaseNode must implement `version` method.")
 
     @classmethod
-    def get_node_type_classes_mapping(cls) -> Mapping["NodeType", Mapping[str, type["Node"]]]:
+    def get_node_type_classes_mapping(cls) -> Mapping[NodeType, Mapping[str, type[Node]]]:
         """Return mapping of NodeType -> {version -> Node subclass} using __init_subclass__ registry.
 
         Import all modules under core.workflow.nodes so subclasses register themselves on import.
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/template.py b/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/template.py
index ba3e2058cf..81f4b9f6fb 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/template.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/nodes/base/template.py
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ This module provides a unified template structure for both Answer and End nodes,
 similar to SegmentGroup but focused on template representation without values.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ class Template:
     segments: list[TemplateSegmentUnion]
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_answer_template(cls, template_str: str) -> "Template":
+    def from_answer_template(cls, template_str: str) -> Template:
         """Create a Template from an Answer node template string.
 
         Example:
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ class Template:
         return cls(segments=segments)
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_end_outputs(cls, outputs_config: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> "Template":
+    def from_end_outputs(cls, outputs_config: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> Template:
         """Create a Template from an End node outputs configuration.
 
         End nodes are treated as templates of concatenated variables with newlines.
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/nodes/llm/node.py b/api/core/workflow/nodes/llm/node.py
index 04e2802191..dfb55dcd80 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/nodes/llm/node.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/nodes/llm/node.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import base64
 import io
 import json
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
 
     # Instance attributes specific to LLMNode.
     # Output variable for file
-    _file_outputs: list["File"]
+    _file_outputs: list[File]
 
     _llm_file_saver: LLMFileSaver
 
@@ -121,8 +123,8 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         self,
         id: str,
         config: Mapping[str, Any],
-        graph_init_params: "GraphInitParams",
-        graph_runtime_state: "GraphRuntimeState",
+        graph_init_params: GraphInitParams,
+        graph_runtime_state: GraphRuntimeState,
         *,
         llm_file_saver: LLMFileSaver | None = None,
     ):
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         structured_output_enabled: bool,
         structured_output: Mapping[str, Any] | None = None,
         file_saver: LLMFileSaver,
-        file_outputs: list["File"],
+        file_outputs: list[File],
         node_id: str,
         node_type: NodeType,
         reasoning_format: Literal["separated", "tagged"] = "tagged",
@@ -415,7 +417,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         *,
         invoke_result: LLMResult | Generator[LLMResultChunk | LLMStructuredOutput, None, None],
         file_saver: LLMFileSaver,
-        file_outputs: list["File"],
+        file_outputs: list[File],
         node_id: str,
         node_type: NodeType,
         reasoning_format: Literal["separated", "tagged"] = "tagged",
@@ -525,7 +527,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         )
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _image_file_to_markdown(file: "File", /):
+    def _image_file_to_markdown(file: File, /):
         text_chunk = f"![]({file.generate_url()})"
         return text_chunk
 
@@ -774,7 +776,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
     def fetch_prompt_messages(
         *,
         sys_query: str | None = None,
-        sys_files: Sequence["File"],
+        sys_files: Sequence[File],
         context: str | None = None,
         memory: TokenBufferMemory | None = None,
         model_config: ModelConfigWithCredentialsEntity,
@@ -785,7 +787,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         variable_pool: VariablePool,
         jinja2_variables: Sequence[VariableSelector],
         tenant_id: str,
-        context_files: list["File"] | None = None,
+        context_files: list[File] | None = None,
     ) -> tuple[Sequence[PromptMessage], Sequence[str] | None]:
         prompt_messages: list[PromptMessage] = []
 
@@ -1137,7 +1139,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         *,
         invoke_result: LLMResult | LLMResultWithStructuredOutput,
         saver: LLMFileSaver,
-        file_outputs: list["File"],
+        file_outputs: list[File],
         reasoning_format: Literal["separated", "tagged"] = "tagged",
         request_latency: float | None = None,
     ) -> ModelInvokeCompletedEvent:
@@ -1179,7 +1181,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         *,
         content: ImagePromptMessageContent,
         file_saver: LLMFileSaver,
-    ) -> "File":
+    ) -> File:
         """_save_multimodal_output saves multi-modal contents generated by LLM plugins.
 
         There are two kinds of multimodal outputs:
@@ -1229,7 +1231,7 @@ class LLMNode(Node[LLMNodeData]):
         *,
         contents: str | list[PromptMessageContentUnionTypes] | None,
         file_saver: LLMFileSaver,
-        file_outputs: list["File"],
+        file_outputs: list[File],
     ) -> Generator[str, None, None]:
         """Convert intermediate prompt messages into strings and yield them to the caller.
 
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/repositories/draft_variable_repository.py b/api/core/workflow/repositories/draft_variable_repository.py
index 97bfcd5666..66ef714c16 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/repositories/draft_variable_repository.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/repositories/draft_variable_repository.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import abc
 from collections.abc import Mapping
 from typing import Any, Protocol
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ class DraftVariableSaverFactory(Protocol):
         node_type: NodeType,
         node_execution_id: str,
         enclosing_node_id: str | None = None,
-    ) -> "DraftVariableSaver":
+    ) -> DraftVariableSaver:
         pass
 
 
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/runtime/variable_pool.py b/api/core/workflow/runtime/variable_pool.py
index 7fbaec9e70..85ceb9d59e 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/runtime/variable_pool.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/runtime/variable_pool.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import re
 from collections import defaultdict
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
@@ -267,6 +269,6 @@ class VariablePool(BaseModel):
             self.add(selector, value)
 
     @classmethod
-    def empty(cls) -> "VariablePool":
+    def empty(cls) -> VariablePool:
         """Create an empty variable pool."""
         return cls(system_variables=SystemVariable.empty())
diff --git a/api/core/workflow/system_variable.py b/api/core/workflow/system_variable.py
index ad925912a4..cda8091771 100644
--- a/api/core/workflow/system_variable.py
+++ b/api/core/workflow/system_variable.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from types import MappingProxyType
 from typing import Any
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ class SystemVariable(BaseModel):
         return data
 
     @classmethod
-    def empty(cls) -> "SystemVariable":
+    def empty(cls) -> SystemVariable:
         return cls()
 
     def to_dict(self) -> dict[SystemVariableKey, Any]:
@@ -114,7 +116,7 @@ class SystemVariable(BaseModel):
             d[SystemVariableKey.TIMESTAMP] = self.timestamp
         return d
 
-    def as_view(self) -> "SystemVariableReadOnlyView":
+    def as_view(self) -> SystemVariableReadOnlyView:
         return SystemVariableReadOnlyView(self)
 
 
diff --git a/api/extensions/logstore/aliyun_logstore.py b/api/extensions/logstore/aliyun_logstore.py
index 22d1f473a3..8c64a25be4 100644
--- a/api/extensions/logstore/aliyun_logstore.py
+++ b/api/extensions/logstore/aliyun_logstore.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import logging
 import os
 import threading
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ class AliyunLogStore:
     Ensures only one instance exists to prevent multiple PG connection pools.
     """
 
-    _instance: "AliyunLogStore | None" = None
+    _instance: AliyunLogStore | None = None
     _initialized: bool = False
 
     # Track delayed PG connection for newly created projects
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ class AliyunLogStore:
         "\t",
     ]
 
-    def __new__(cls) -> "AliyunLogStore":
+    def __new__(cls) -> AliyunLogStore:
         """Implement singleton pattern."""
         if cls._instance is None:
             cls._instance = super().__new__(cls)
diff --git a/api/extensions/storage/clickzetta_volume/file_lifecycle.py b/api/extensions/storage/clickzetta_volume/file_lifecycle.py
index 51a97b20f8..1d9911465b 100644
--- a/api/extensions/storage/clickzetta_volume/file_lifecycle.py
+++ b/api/extensions/storage/clickzetta_volume/file_lifecycle.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ automatic cleanup, backup and restore.
 Supports complete lifecycle management for knowledge base files.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import logging
 import operator
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ class FileMetadata:
         return data
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> "FileMetadata":
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict) -> FileMetadata:
         """Create instance from dictionary"""
         data = data.copy()
         data["created_at"] = datetime.fromisoformat(data["created_at"])
diff --git a/api/libs/broadcast_channel/channel.py b/api/libs/broadcast_channel/channel.py
index 5bbf0c79a3..d4cb3e9971 100644
--- a/api/libs/broadcast_channel/channel.py
+++ b/api/libs/broadcast_channel/channel.py
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 Broadcast channel for Pub/Sub messaging.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import types
 from abc import abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Iterator
@@ -129,6 +131,6 @@ class BroadcastChannel(Protocol):
     """
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def topic(self, topic: str) -> "Topic":
+    def topic(self, topic: str) -> Topic:
         """topic returns a `Topic` instance for the given topic name."""
         ...
diff --git a/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/channel.py b/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/channel.py
index 1fc3db8156..5bb4f579c1 100644
--- a/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/channel.py
+++ b/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/channel.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from libs.broadcast_channel.channel import Producer, Subscriber, Subscription
 from redis import Redis
 
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ class BroadcastChannel:
     ):
         self._client = redis_client
 
-    def topic(self, topic: str) -> "Topic":
+    def topic(self, topic: str) -> Topic:
         return Topic(self._client, topic)
 
 
diff --git a/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/sharded_channel.py b/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/sharded_channel.py
index 16e3a80ee1..d190c51bbc 100644
--- a/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/sharded_channel.py
+++ b/api/libs/broadcast_channel/redis/sharded_channel.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from libs.broadcast_channel.channel import Producer, Subscriber, Subscription
 from redis import Redis
 
@@ -18,7 +20,7 @@ class ShardedRedisBroadcastChannel:
     ):
         self._client = redis_client
 
-    def topic(self, topic: str) -> "ShardedTopic":
+    def topic(self, topic: str) -> ShardedTopic:
         return ShardedTopic(self._client, topic)
 
 
diff --git a/api/libs/email_i18n.py b/api/libs/email_i18n.py
index ff74ccbe8e..0828cf80bf 100644
--- a/api/libs/email_i18n.py
+++ b/api/libs/email_i18n.py
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ in Dify. It follows Domain-Driven Design principles with proper type hints and
 eliminates the need for repetitive language switching logic.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from enum import StrEnum, auto
 from typing import Any, Protocol
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ class EmailLanguage(StrEnum):
     ZH_HANS = "zh-Hans"
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_language_code(cls, language_code: str) -> "EmailLanguage":
+    def from_language_code(cls, language_code: str) -> EmailLanguage:
         """Convert a language code to EmailLanguage with fallback to English."""
         if language_code == "zh-Hans":
             return cls.ZH_HANS
diff --git a/api/models/model.py b/api/models/model.py
index 52e409d85a..46df047237 100644
--- a/api/models/model.py
+++ b/api/models/model.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import re
 import uuid
@@ -5,7 +7,7 @@ from collections.abc import Mapping
 from datetime import datetime
 from decimal import Decimal
 from enum import StrEnum, auto
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, cast
 from uuid import uuid4
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ class AppMode(StrEnum):
     RAG_PIPELINE = "rag-pipeline"
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "AppMode":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> AppMode:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
@@ -121,19 +123,19 @@ class App(Base):
                 return ""
 
     @property
-    def site(self) -> Optional["Site"]:
+    def site(self) -> Site | None:
         site = db.session.query(Site).where(Site.app_id == self.id).first()
         return site
 
     @property
-    def app_model_config(self) -> Optional["AppModelConfig"]:
+    def app_model_config(self) -> AppModelConfig | None:
         if self.app_model_config_id:
             return db.session.query(AppModelConfig).where(AppModelConfig.id == self.app_model_config_id).first()
 
         return None
 
     @property
-    def workflow(self) -> Optional["Workflow"]:
+    def workflow(self) -> Workflow | None:
         if self.workflow_id:
             from .workflow import Workflow
 
@@ -288,7 +290,7 @@ class App(Base):
         return deleted_tools
 
     @property
-    def tags(self) -> list["Tag"]:
+    def tags(self) -> list[Tag]:
         tags = (
             db.session.query(Tag)
             .join(TagBinding, Tag.id == TagBinding.tag_id)
@@ -1194,7 +1196,7 @@ class Message(Base):
         return json.loads(self.message_metadata) if self.message_metadata else {}
 
     @property
-    def agent_thoughts(self) -> list["MessageAgentThought"]:
+    def agent_thoughts(self) -> list[MessageAgentThought]:
         return (
             db.session.query(MessageAgentThought)
             .where(MessageAgentThought.message_id == self.id)
@@ -1307,7 +1309,7 @@ class Message(Base):
         }
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> "Message":
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> Message:
         return cls(
             id=data["id"],
             app_id=data["app_id"],
diff --git a/api/models/provider.py b/api/models/provider.py
index d68d56d32a..441b54c797 100644
--- a/api/models/provider.py
+++ b/api/models/provider.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import StrEnum, auto
 from functools import cached_property
@@ -19,7 +21,7 @@ class ProviderType(StrEnum):
     SYSTEM = auto()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def value_of(value: str) -> "ProviderType":
+    def value_of(value: str) -> ProviderType:
         for member in ProviderType:
             if member.value == value:
                 return member
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ class ProviderQuotaType(StrEnum):
     """hosted trial quota"""
 
     @staticmethod
-    def value_of(value: str) -> "ProviderQuotaType":
+    def value_of(value: str) -> ProviderQuotaType:
         for member in ProviderQuotaType:
             if member.value == value:
                 return member
diff --git a/api/models/tools.py b/api/models/tools.py
index e4f9bcb582..e7b98dcf27 100644
--- a/api/models/tools.py
+++ b/api/models/tools.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 from datetime import datetime
 from decimal import Decimal
@@ -167,11 +169,11 @@ class ApiToolProvider(TypeBase):
     )
 
     @property
-    def schema_type(self) -> "ApiProviderSchemaType":
+    def schema_type(self) -> ApiProviderSchemaType:
         return ApiProviderSchemaType.value_of(self.schema_type_str)
 
     @property
-    def tools(self) -> list["ApiToolBundle"]:
+    def tools(self) -> list[ApiToolBundle]:
         return [ApiToolBundle.model_validate(tool) for tool in json.loads(self.tools_str)]
 
     @property
@@ -267,7 +269,7 @@ class WorkflowToolProvider(TypeBase):
         return db.session.query(Tenant).where(Tenant.id == self.tenant_id).first()
 
     @property
-    def parameter_configurations(self) -> list["WorkflowToolParameterConfiguration"]:
+    def parameter_configurations(self) -> list[WorkflowToolParameterConfiguration]:
         return [
             WorkflowToolParameterConfiguration.model_validate(config)
             for config in json.loads(self.parameter_configuration)
@@ -359,7 +361,7 @@ class MCPToolProvider(TypeBase):
         except (json.JSONDecodeError, TypeError):
             return []
 
-    def to_entity(self) -> "MCPProviderEntity":
+    def to_entity(self) -> MCPProviderEntity:
         """Convert to domain entity"""
         from core.entities.mcp_provider import MCPProviderEntity
 
@@ -533,5 +535,5 @@ class DeprecatedPublishedAppTool(TypeBase):
     )
 
     @property
-    def description_i18n(self) -> "I18nObject":
+    def description_i18n(self) -> I18nObject:
         return I18nObject.model_validate(json.loads(self.description))
diff --git a/api/models/workflow.py b/api/models/workflow.py
index c04e4e9762..a18939523b 100644
--- a/api/models/workflow.py
+++ b/api/models/workflow.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import json
 import logging
 from collections.abc import Generator, Mapping, Sequence
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import StrEnum
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Union, cast
 from uuid import uuid4
 
 import sqlalchemy as sa
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ class WorkflowType(StrEnum):
     RAG_PIPELINE = "rag-pipeline"
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "WorkflowType":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> WorkflowType:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ class WorkflowType(StrEnum):
         raise ValueError(f"invalid workflow type value {value}")
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_app_mode(cls, app_mode: Union[str, "AppMode"]) -> "WorkflowType":
+    def from_app_mode(cls, app_mode: Union[str, AppMode]) -> WorkflowType:
         """
         Get workflow type from app mode.
 
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ class Workflow(Base):  # bug
         rag_pipeline_variables: list[dict],
         marked_name: str = "",
         marked_comment: str = "",
-    ) -> "Workflow":
+    ) -> Workflow:
         workflow = Workflow()
         workflow.id = str(uuid4())
         workflow.tenant_id = tenant_id
@@ -619,7 +621,7 @@ class WorkflowRun(Base):
     finished_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime)
     exceptions_count: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(sa.Integer, server_default=sa.text("0"), nullable=True)
 
-    pause: Mapped[Optional["WorkflowPause"]] = orm.relationship(
+    pause: Mapped[WorkflowPause | None] = orm.relationship(
         "WorkflowPause",
         primaryjoin="WorkflowRun.id == foreign(WorkflowPause.workflow_run_id)",
         uselist=False,
@@ -689,7 +691,7 @@ class WorkflowRun(Base):
         }
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> "WorkflowRun":
+    def from_dict(cls, data: dict[str, Any]) -> WorkflowRun:
         return cls(
             id=data.get("id"),
             tenant_id=data.get("tenant_id"),
@@ -841,7 +843,7 @@ class WorkflowNodeExecutionModel(Base):  # This model is expected to have `offlo
     created_by: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(StringUUID)
     finished_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime)
 
-    offload_data: Mapped[list["WorkflowNodeExecutionOffload"]] = orm.relationship(
+    offload_data: Mapped[list[WorkflowNodeExecutionOffload]] = orm.relationship(
         "WorkflowNodeExecutionOffload",
         primaryjoin="WorkflowNodeExecutionModel.id == foreign(WorkflowNodeExecutionOffload.node_execution_id)",
         uselist=True,
@@ -851,13 +853,13 @@ class WorkflowNodeExecutionModel(Base):  # This model is expected to have `offlo
 
     @staticmethod
     def preload_offload_data(
-        query: Select[tuple["WorkflowNodeExecutionModel"]] | orm.Query["WorkflowNodeExecutionModel"],
+        query: Select[tuple[WorkflowNodeExecutionModel]] | orm.Query[WorkflowNodeExecutionModel],
     ):
         return query.options(orm.selectinload(WorkflowNodeExecutionModel.offload_data))
 
     @staticmethod
     def preload_offload_data_and_files(
-        query: Select[tuple["WorkflowNodeExecutionModel"]] | orm.Query["WorkflowNodeExecutionModel"],
+        query: Select[tuple[WorkflowNodeExecutionModel]] | orm.Query[WorkflowNodeExecutionModel],
     ):
         return query.options(
             orm.selectinload(WorkflowNodeExecutionModel.offload_data).options(
@@ -932,7 +934,7 @@ class WorkflowNodeExecutionModel(Base):  # This model is expected to have `offlo
                     )
         return extras
 
-    def _get_offload_by_type(self, type_: ExecutionOffLoadType) -> Optional["WorkflowNodeExecutionOffload"]:
+    def _get_offload_by_type(self, type_: ExecutionOffLoadType) -> WorkflowNodeExecutionOffload | None:
         return next(iter([i for i in self.offload_data if i.type_ == type_]), None)
 
     @property
@@ -1046,7 +1048,7 @@ class WorkflowNodeExecutionOffload(Base):
         back_populates="offload_data",
     )
 
-    file: Mapped[Optional["UploadFile"]] = orm.relationship(
+    file: Mapped[UploadFile | None] = orm.relationship(
         foreign_keys=[file_id],
         lazy="raise",
         uselist=False,
@@ -1064,7 +1066,7 @@ class WorkflowAppLogCreatedFrom(StrEnum):
     INSTALLED_APP = "installed-app"
 
     @classmethod
-    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> "WorkflowAppLogCreatedFrom":
+    def value_of(cls, value: str) -> WorkflowAppLogCreatedFrom:
         """
         Get value of given mode.
 
@@ -1181,7 +1183,7 @@ class ConversationVariable(TypeBase):
     )
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_variable(cls, *, app_id: str, conversation_id: str, variable: Variable) -> "ConversationVariable":
+    def from_variable(cls, *, app_id: str, conversation_id: str, variable: Variable) -> ConversationVariable:
         obj = cls(
             id=variable.id,
             app_id=app_id,
@@ -1334,7 +1336,7 @@ class WorkflowDraftVariable(Base):
     )
 
     # Relationship to WorkflowDraftVariableFile
-    variable_file: Mapped[Optional["WorkflowDraftVariableFile"]] = orm.relationship(
+    variable_file: Mapped[WorkflowDraftVariableFile | None] = orm.relationship(
         foreign_keys=[file_id],
         lazy="raise",
         uselist=False,
@@ -1504,7 +1506,7 @@ class WorkflowDraftVariable(Base):
         node_execution_id: str | None,
         description: str = "",
         file_id: str | None = None,
-    ) -> "WorkflowDraftVariable":
+    ) -> WorkflowDraftVariable:
         variable = WorkflowDraftVariable()
         variable.id = str(uuid4())
         variable.created_at = naive_utc_now()
@@ -1527,7 +1529,7 @@ class WorkflowDraftVariable(Base):
         name: str,
         value: Segment,
         description: str = "",
-    ) -> "WorkflowDraftVariable":
+    ) -> WorkflowDraftVariable:
         variable = cls._new(
             app_id=app_id,
             node_id=CONVERSATION_VARIABLE_NODE_ID,
@@ -1548,7 +1550,7 @@ class WorkflowDraftVariable(Base):
         value: Segment,
         node_execution_id: str,
         editable: bool = False,
-    ) -> "WorkflowDraftVariable":
+    ) -> WorkflowDraftVariable:
         variable = cls._new(
             app_id=app_id,
             node_id=SYSTEM_VARIABLE_NODE_ID,
@@ -1571,7 +1573,7 @@ class WorkflowDraftVariable(Base):
         visible: bool = True,
         editable: bool = True,
         file_id: str | None = None,
-    ) -> "WorkflowDraftVariable":
+    ) -> WorkflowDraftVariable:
         variable = cls._new(
             app_id=app_id,
             node_id=node_id,
@@ -1667,7 +1669,7 @@ class WorkflowDraftVariableFile(Base):
     )
 
     # Relationship to UploadFile
-    upload_file: Mapped["UploadFile"] = orm.relationship(
+    upload_file: Mapped[UploadFile] = orm.relationship(
         foreign_keys=[upload_file_id],
         lazy="raise",
         uselist=False,
@@ -1734,7 +1736,7 @@ class WorkflowPause(DefaultFieldsMixin, Base):
     state_object_key: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(length=255), nullable=False)
 
     # Relationship to WorkflowRun
-    workflow_run: Mapped["WorkflowRun"] = orm.relationship(
+    workflow_run: Mapped[WorkflowRun] = orm.relationship(
         foreign_keys=[workflow_run_id],
         # require explicit preloading.
         lazy="raise",
@@ -1790,7 +1792,7 @@ class WorkflowPauseReason(DefaultFieldsMixin, Base):
     )
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_entity(cls, pause_reason: PauseReason) -> "WorkflowPauseReason":
+    def from_entity(cls, pause_reason: PauseReason) -> WorkflowPauseReason:
         if isinstance(pause_reason, HumanInputRequired):
             return cls(
                 type_=PauseReasonType.HUMAN_INPUT_REQUIRED, form_id=pause_reason.form_id, node_id=pause_reason.node_id
diff --git a/api/services/variable_truncator.py b/api/services/variable_truncator.py
index 0f969207cf..f973361341 100644
--- a/api/services/variable_truncator.py
+++ b/api/services/variable_truncator.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import dataclasses
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Mapping
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ class VariableTruncator(BaseTruncator):
         self._max_size_bytes = max_size_bytes
 
     @classmethod
-    def default(cls) -> "VariableTruncator":
+    def default(cls) -> VariableTruncator:
         return VariableTruncator(
             max_size_bytes=dify_config.WORKFLOW_VARIABLE_TRUNCATION_MAX_SIZE,
             array_element_limit=dify_config.WORKFLOW_VARIABLE_TRUNCATION_ARRAY_LENGTH,
diff --git a/api/services/website_service.py b/api/services/website_service.py
index a23f01ec71..fe48c3b08e 100644
--- a/api/services/website_service.py
+++ b/api/services/website_service.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import datetime
 import json
 from dataclasses import dataclass
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ class WebsiteCrawlApiRequest:
         return CrawlRequest(url=self.url, provider=self.provider, options=options)
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_args(cls, args: dict) -> "WebsiteCrawlApiRequest":
+    def from_args(cls, args: dict) -> WebsiteCrawlApiRequest:
         """Create from Flask-RESTful parsed arguments."""
         provider = args.get("provider")
         url = args.get("url")
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ class WebsiteCrawlStatusApiRequest:
     job_id: str
 
     @classmethod
-    def from_args(cls, args: dict, job_id: str) -> "WebsiteCrawlStatusApiRequest":
+    def from_args(cls, args: dict, job_id: str) -> WebsiteCrawlStatusApiRequest:
         """Create from Flask-RESTful parsed arguments."""
         provider = args.get("provider")
         if not provider:
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/graph_engine/test_mock_config.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/graph_engine/test_mock_config.py
index b02f90588b..5ceb8dd7f7 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/graph_engine/test_mock_config.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/graph_engine/test_mock_config.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ This module provides a flexible configuration system for customizing
 the behavior of mock nodes during testing.
 """
 
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 from collections.abc import Callable
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import Any
@@ -95,67 +97,67 @@ class MockConfigBuilder:
     def __init__(self) -> None:
         self._config = MockConfig()
 
-    def with_auto_mock(self, enabled: bool = True) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_auto_mock(self, enabled: bool = True) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Enable or disable auto-mocking."""
         self._config.enable_auto_mock = enabled
         return self
 
-    def with_delays(self, enabled: bool = True) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_delays(self, enabled: bool = True) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Enable or disable simulated execution delays."""
         self._config.simulate_delays = enabled
         return self
 
-    def with_llm_response(self, response: str) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_llm_response(self, response: str) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default LLM response."""
         self._config.default_llm_response = response
         return self
 
-    def with_agent_response(self, response: str) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_agent_response(self, response: str) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default agent response."""
         self._config.default_agent_response = response
         return self
 
-    def with_tool_response(self, response: dict[str, Any]) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_tool_response(self, response: dict[str, Any]) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default tool response."""
         self._config.default_tool_response = response
         return self
 
-    def with_retrieval_response(self, response: str) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_retrieval_response(self, response: str) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default retrieval response."""
         self._config.default_retrieval_response = response
         return self
 
-    def with_http_response(self, response: dict[str, Any]) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_http_response(self, response: dict[str, Any]) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default HTTP response."""
         self._config.default_http_response = response
         return self
 
-    def with_template_transform_response(self, response: str) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_template_transform_response(self, response: str) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default template transform response."""
         self._config.default_template_transform_response = response
         return self
 
-    def with_code_response(self, response: dict[str, Any]) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_code_response(self, response: dict[str, Any]) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default code execution response."""
         self._config.default_code_response = response
         return self
 
-    def with_node_output(self, node_id: str, outputs: dict[str, Any]) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_node_output(self, node_id: str, outputs: dict[str, Any]) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set outputs for a specific node."""
         self._config.set_node_outputs(node_id, outputs)
         return self
 
-    def with_node_error(self, node_id: str, error: str) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_node_error(self, node_id: str, error: str) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set error for a specific node."""
         self._config.set_node_error(node_id, error)
         return self
 
-    def with_node_config(self, config: NodeMockConfig) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_node_config(self, config: NodeMockConfig) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Add a node-specific configuration."""
         self._config.set_node_config(config.node_id, config)
         return self
 
-    def with_default_config(self, node_type: NodeType, config: dict[str, Any]) -> "MockConfigBuilder":
+    def with_default_config(self, node_type: NodeType, config: dict[str, Any]) -> MockConfigBuilder:
         """Set default configuration for a node type."""
         self._config.set_default_config(node_type, config)
         return self
diff --git a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/nodes/tool/test_tool_node.py b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/nodes/tool/test_tool_node.py
index 09b8191870..06927cddcf 100644
--- a/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/nodes/tool/test_tool_node.py
+++ b/api/tests/unit_tests/core/workflow/nodes/tool/test_tool_node.py
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
 import sys
 import types
 from collections.abc import Generator
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:  # pragma: no cover - imported for type checking only
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def tool_node(monkeypatch) -> "ToolNode":
+def tool_node(monkeypatch) -> ToolNode:
     module_name = "core.ops.ops_trace_manager"
     if module_name not in sys.modules:
         ops_stub = types.ModuleType(module_name)
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ def _collect_events(generator: Generator) -> tuple[list[Any], LLMUsage]:
         return events, stop.value
 
 
-def _run_transform(tool_node: "ToolNode", message: ToolInvokeMessage) -> tuple[list[Any], LLMUsage]:
+def _run_transform(tool_node: ToolNode, message: ToolInvokeMessage) -> tuple[list[Any], LLMUsage]:
     def _identity_transform(messages, *_args, **_kwargs):
         return messages
 
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ def _run_transform(tool_node: "ToolNode", message: ToolInvokeMessage) -> tuple[l
         return _collect_events(generator)
 
 
-def test_link_messages_with_file_populate_files_output(tool_node: "ToolNode"):
+def test_link_messages_with_file_populate_files_output(tool_node: ToolNode):
     file_obj = File(
         tenant_id="tenant-id",
         type=FileType.DOCUMENT,
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ def test_link_messages_with_file_populate_files_output(tool_node: "ToolNode"):
     assert files_segment.value == [file_obj]
 
 
-def test_plain_link_messages_remain_links(tool_node: "ToolNode"):
+def test_plain_link_messages_remain_links(tool_node: ToolNode):
     message = ToolInvokeMessage(
         type=ToolInvokeMessage.MessageType.LINK,
         message=ToolInvokeMessage.TextMessage(text="https://dify.ai"),