diff --git a/web/app/components/workflow/collaboration/core/__tests__/crdt-provider.test.ts b/web/app/components/workflow/collaboration/core/__tests__/crdt-provider.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b5fc3ca69e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/web/app/components/workflow/collaboration/core/__tests__/crdt-provider.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+import type { Socket } from 'socket.io-client'
+import { CRDTProvider } from '../crdt-provider'
+
+type FakeDoc = {
+  export: jest.Mock<Uint8Array, [options?: { mode?: string }]>
+  import: jest.Mock<void, [Uint8Array]>
+  subscribe: jest.Mock<void, [(payload: any) => void]>
+  trigger: (event: any) => void
+}
+
+const createFakeDoc = (): FakeDoc => {
+  let handler: ((payload: any) => void) | null = null
+
+  return {
+    export: jest.fn(() => new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3])),
+    import: jest.fn(),
+    subscribe: jest.fn((cb: (payload: any) => void) => {
+      handler = cb
+    }),
+    trigger: (event: any) => {
+      handler?.(event)
+    },
+  }
+}
+
+const createMockSocket = () => {
+  const handlers = new Map<string, (...args: any[]) => void>()
+
+  const socket: any = {
+    emit: jest.fn(),
+    on: jest.fn((event: string, handler: (...args: any[]) => void) => {
+      handlers.set(event, handler)
+    }),
+    off: jest.fn((event: string) => {
+      handlers.delete(event)
+    }),
+    trigger: (event: string, ...args: any[]) => {
+      const handler = handlers.get(event)
+      if (handler)
+        handler(...args)
+    },
+  }
+
+  return socket as Socket & { trigger: (event: string, ...args: any[]) => void }
+}
+
+describe('CRDTProvider', () => {
+  it('emits graph_event when local changes happen', () => {
+    const doc = createFakeDoc()
+    const socket = createMockSocket()
+
+    const provider = new CRDTProvider(socket, doc as unknown as any)
+    expect(provider).toBeInstanceOf(CRDTProvider)
+
+    doc.trigger({ by: 'local' })
+
+    expect(socket.emit).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      'graph_event',
+      expect.any(Uint8Array),
+    )
+    expect(doc.export).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ mode: 'update' })
+  })
+
+  it('ignores non-local events', () => {
+    const doc = createFakeDoc()
+    const socket = createMockSocket()
+
+    const provider = new CRDTProvider(socket, doc as unknown as any)
+
+    doc.trigger({ by: 'remote' })
+
+    expect(socket.emit).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    provider.destroy()
+  })
+
+  it('imports remote updates on graph_update', () => {
+    const doc = createFakeDoc()
+    const socket = createMockSocket()
+
+    const provider = new CRDTProvider(socket, doc as unknown as any)
+
+    const payload = new Uint8Array([9, 9, 9])
+    socket.trigger('graph_update', payload)
+
+    expect(doc.import).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.any(Uint8Array))
+    expect(Array.from(doc.import.mock.calls[0][0])).toEqual([9, 9, 9])
+    provider.destroy()
+  })
+
+  it('removes graph_update listener on destroy', () => {
+    const doc = createFakeDoc()
+    const socket = createMockSocket()
+
+    const provider = new CRDTProvider(socket, doc as unknown as any)
+    provider.destroy()
+
+    expect(socket.off).toHaveBeenCalledWith('graph_update')
+  })
+
+  it('logs an error when graph_update import fails but continues operating', () => {
+    const doc = createFakeDoc()
+    const socket = createMockSocket()
+    doc.import.mockImplementation(() => {
+      throw new Error('boom')
+    })
+
+    const provider = new CRDTProvider(socket, doc as unknown as any)
+
+    const errorSpy = jest.spyOn(console, 'error').mockImplementation(() => undefined)
+
+    socket.trigger('graph_update', new Uint8Array([1]))
+    expect(errorSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith('Error importing graph update:', expect.any(Error))
+
+    doc.import.mockReset()
+    socket.trigger('graph_update', new Uint8Array([2, 3]))
+    expect(doc.import).toHaveBeenCalled()
+
+    provider.destroy()
+    errorSpy.mockRestore()
+  })
+})