diff --git a/web/app/(commonLayout)/layout.tsx b/web/app/(commonLayout)/layout.tsx
index 5ac39f1e39..db8644667c 100644
--- a/web/app/(commonLayout)/layout.tsx
+++ b/web/app/(commonLayout)/layout.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import type { ReactNode } from 'react'
-import * as React from 'react'
 import { AppInitializer } from '@/app/components/app-initializer'
 import InSiteMessageNotification from '@/app/components/app/in-site-message/notification'
 import AmplitudeProvider from '@/app/components/base/amplitude'
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ import { EventEmitterContextProvider } from '@/context/event-emitter-provider'
 import { ModalContextProvider } from '@/context/modal-context-provider'
 import { ProviderContextProvider } from '@/context/provider-context-provider'
 import PartnerStack from '../components/billing/partner-stack'
-import Splash from '../components/splash'
 import RoleRouteGuard from './role-route-guard'
 
 const Layout = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => {
@@ -37,7 +35,6 @@ const Layout = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => {
                 <PartnerStack />
                 <ReadmePanel />
                 <GotoAnything />
-                <Splash />
               </ModalContextProvider>
             </ProviderContextProvider>
           </EventEmitterContextProvider>
diff --git a/web/app/(commonLayout)/role-route-guard.tsx b/web/app/(commonLayout)/role-route-guard.tsx
index 483dfef095..37957994d1 100644
--- a/web/app/(commonLayout)/role-route-guard.tsx
+++ b/web/app/(commonLayout)/role-route-guard.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 'use client'
 
 import type { ReactNode } from 'react'
-import { useEffect } from 'react'
-import Loading from '@/app/components/base/loading'
 import { useAppContext } from '@/context/app-context'
-import { usePathname, useRouter } from '@/next/navigation'
+import { redirect, usePathname } from '@/next/navigation'
 
 const datasetOperatorRedirectRoutes = ['/apps', '/app', '/explore', '/tools'] as const
 
@@ -13,21 +11,11 @@ const isPathUnderRoute = (pathname: string, route: string) => pathname === route
 export default function RoleRouteGuard({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
   const { isCurrentWorkspaceDatasetOperator, isLoadingCurrentWorkspace } = useAppContext()
   const pathname = usePathname()
-  const router = useRouter()
   const shouldGuardRoute = datasetOperatorRedirectRoutes.some(route => isPathUnderRoute(pathname, route))
   const shouldRedirect = shouldGuardRoute && !isLoadingCurrentWorkspace && isCurrentWorkspaceDatasetOperator
 
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (shouldRedirect)
-      router.replace('/datasets')
-  }, [shouldRedirect, router])
-
-  // Block rendering only for guarded routes to avoid permission flicker.
-  if (shouldGuardRoute && isLoadingCurrentWorkspace)
-    return <Loading type="app" />
-
   if (shouldRedirect)
-    return null
+    return redirect('/datasets')
 
   return <>{children}</>
 }
diff --git a/web/app/components/app-initializer.tsx b/web/app/components/app-initializer.tsx
index e08ece6666..22e04520e7 100644
--- a/web/app/components/app-initializer.tsx
+++ b/web/app/components/app-initializer.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import type { ReactNode } from 'react'
 import Cookies from 'js-cookie'
 import { parseAsBoolean, useQueryState } from 'nuqs'
-import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { useCallback, useEffect } from 'react'
 import {
   EDUCATION_VERIFY_URL_SEARCHPARAMS_ACTION,
   EDUCATION_VERIFYING_LOCALSTORAGE_ITEM,
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ export const AppInitializer = ({
   const searchParams = useSearchParams()
   // Tokens are now stored in cookies, no need to check localStorage
   const pathname = usePathname()
-  const [init, setInit] = useState(false)
   const [oauthNewUser] = useQueryState(
     'oauth_new_user',
     parseAsBoolean.withOptions({ history: 'replace' }),
@@ -87,10 +86,7 @@ export const AppInitializer = ({
         const redirectUrl = resolvePostLoginRedirect()
         if (redirectUrl) {
           location.replace(redirectUrl)
-          return
         }
-
-        setInit(true)
       }
       catch {
         router.replace('/signin')
@@ -98,5 +94,5 @@ export const AppInitializer = ({
     })()
   }, [isSetupFinished, router, pathname, searchParams, oauthNewUser])
 
-  return init ? children : null
+  return children
 }
diff --git a/web/app/components/header/header-wrapper.tsx b/web/app/components/header/header-wrapper.tsx
index c90f01a6b6..09adb2f6bf 100644
--- a/web/app/components/header/header-wrapper.tsx
+++ b/web/app/components/header/header-wrapper.tsx
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const HeaderWrapper = ({
   // Check if the current path is a workflow canvas & fullscreen
   const inWorkflowCanvas = pathname.endsWith('/workflow')
   const isPipelineCanvas = pathname.endsWith('/pipeline')
-  const workflowCanvasMaximize = localStorage.getItem('workflow-canvas-maximize') === 'true'
+  const workflowCanvasMaximize = typeof localStorage !== 'undefined' && localStorage.getItem('workflow-canvas-maximize') === 'true'
   const [hideHeader, setHideHeader] = useState(workflowCanvasMaximize)
   const { eventEmitter } = useEventEmitterContextContext()
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ const HeaderWrapper = ({
   })
 
   return (
-    <div className={cn('sticky left-0 right-0 top-0 z-30 flex min-h-[56px] shrink-0 grow-0 basis-auto flex-col', s.header, isBordered ? 'border-b border-divider-regular' : '', hideHeader && (inWorkflowCanvas || isPipelineCanvas) && 'hidden')}>
+    <div className={cn('sticky top-0 right-0 left-0 z-30 flex min-h-[56px] shrink-0 grow-0 basis-auto flex-col', s.header, isBordered ? 'border-b border-divider-regular' : '', hideHeader && (inWorkflowCanvas || isPipelineCanvas) && 'hidden')}>
       {children}
     </div>
   )
diff --git a/web/app/components/splash.tsx b/web/app/components/splash.tsx
deleted file mode 100644
index 4f5f484582..0000000000
--- a/web/app/components/splash.tsx
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-'use client'
-import type { FC, PropsWithChildren } from 'react'
-import * as React from 'react'
-import { useIsLogin } from '@/service/use-common'
-import Loading from './base/loading'
-
-const Splash: FC<PropsWithChildren> = () => {
-  // would auto redirect to signin page if not logged in
-  const { isLoading, data: loginData } = useIsLogin()
-  const isLoggedIn = loginData?.logged_in
-
-  if (isLoading || !isLoggedIn) {
-    return (
-      <div className="fixed inset-0 z-9999999 flex h-full items-center justify-center bg-background-body">
-        <Loading />
-      </div>
-    )
-  }
-  return null
-}
-export default React.memo(Splash)
diff --git a/web/app/education-apply/hooks.ts b/web/app/education-apply/hooks.ts
index 79faa8b3b2..6068545751 100644
--- a/web/app/education-apply/hooks.ts
+++ b/web/app/education-apply/hooks.ts
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ const useEducationReverifyNotice = ({
 export const useEducationInit = () => {
   const setShowAccountSettingModal = useModalContextSelector(s => s.setShowAccountSettingModal)
   const setShowEducationExpireNoticeModal = useModalContextSelector(s => s.setShowEducationExpireNoticeModal)
-  const educationVerifying = localStorage.getItem(EDUCATION_VERIFYING_LOCALSTORAGE_ITEM)
+  const educationVerifying = typeof localStorage !== 'undefined' && localStorage.getItem(EDUCATION_VERIFYING_LOCALSTORAGE_ITEM)
   const searchParams = useSearchParams()
   const educationVerifyAction = searchParams.get('action')
 
diff --git a/web/app/page.tsx b/web/app/page.tsx
index 65f8827e01..1daf6fc49b 100644
--- a/web/app/page.tsx
+++ b/web/app/page.tsx
@@ -1,18 +1,5 @@
-import Loading from '@/app/components/base/loading'
-import Link from '@/next/link'
+import { redirect } from '@/next/navigation'
 
-const Home = async () => {
-  return (
-    <div className="flex min-h-screen flex-col justify-center py-12 sm:px-6 lg:px-8">
-
-      <div className="sm:mx-auto sm:w-full sm:max-w-md">
-        <Loading type="area" />
-        <div className="mt-10 text-center">
-          <Link href="/apps">🚀</Link>
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  )
+export default function Home() {
+  return redirect('/apps')
 }
-
-export default Home
diff --git a/web/context/global-public-context.tsx b/web/context/global-public-context.tsx
index 3a570fc7ef..e0ff645475 100644
--- a/web/context/global-public-context.tsx
+++ b/web/context/global-public-context.tsx
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import type { FC, PropsWithChildren } from 'react'
 import type { SystemFeatures } from '@/types/feature'
 import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query'
 import { create } from 'zustand'
-import Loading from '@/app/components/base/loading'
 import { consoleClient } from '@/service/client'
 import { defaultSystemFeatures } from '@/types/feature'
 import { fetchSetupStatusWithCache } from '@/utils/setup-status'
@@ -53,13 +52,11 @@ const GlobalPublicStoreProvider: FC<PropsWithChildren> = ({
 }) => {
   // Fetch systemFeatures and setupStatus in parallel to reduce waterfall.
   // setupStatus is prefetched here and cached in localStorage for AppInitializer.
-  const { isPending } = useSystemFeaturesQuery()
+  useSystemFeaturesQuery()
 
   // Prefetch setupStatus for AppInitializer (result not needed here)
   useSetupStatusQuery()
 
-  if (isPending)
-    return <div className="flex h-screen w-screen items-center justify-center"><Loading /></div>
   return <>{children}</>
 }
 export default GlobalPublicStoreProvider
diff --git a/web/next.config.ts b/web/next.config.ts
index aa4d9318f4..a635d1f538 100644
--- a/web/next.config.ts
+++ b/web/next.config.ts
@@ -21,15 +21,6 @@ const nextConfig: NextConfig = {
     // https://nextjs.org/docs/api-reference/next.config.js/ignoring-typescript-errors
     ignoreBuildErrors: true,
   },
-  async redirects() {
-    return [
-      {
-        source: '/',
-        destination: '/apps',
-        permanent: false,
-      },
-    ]
-  },
   output: 'standalone',
   compiler: {
     removeConsole: isDev ? false : { exclude: ['warn', 'error'] },
diff --git a/web/next/navigation.ts b/web/next/navigation.ts
index ec7c112645..7147fb2f5d 100644
--- a/web/next/navigation.ts
+++ b/web/next/navigation.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 export {
+  redirect,
   useParams,
   usePathname,
   useRouter,