feat: add metrics to clean workflow run task

api/commands.py

@@ -948,6 +948,8 @@ def clean_workflow_runs(
     """
     Clean workflow runs and related workflow data for free tenants.
     """
+    from extensions.otel.runtime import flush_telemetry
+
     if (start_from is None) ^ (end_before is None):
         raise click.UsageError("--start-from and --end-before must be provided together.")
 
@@ -967,13 +969,16 @@ def clean_workflow_runs(
     start_time = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC)
     click.echo(click.style(f"Starting workflow run cleanup at {start_time.isoformat()}.", fg="white"))
 
-    WorkflowRunCleanup(
+    try:
-        days=before_days,
+        WorkflowRunCleanup(
-        batch_size=batch_size,
+            days=before_days,
-        start_from=start_from,
+            batch_size=batch_size,
-        end_before=end_before,
+            start_from=start_from,
-        dry_run=dry_run,
+            end_before=end_before,
-    ).run()
+            dry_run=dry_run,
+        ).run()
+    finally:
+        flush_telemetry()
 
     end_time = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC)
     elapsed = end_time - start_time

api/extensions/otel/runtime.py

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import contextlib
 import logging
 import os
 import sys
@@ -5,7 +6,7 @@ from typing import Union
 
 from celery.signals import worker_init
 from flask_login import user_loaded_from_request, user_logged_in
-from opentelemetry import trace
+from opentelemetry import metrics, trace
 from opentelemetry.propagate import set_global_textmap
 from opentelemetry.propagators.b3 import B3Format
 from opentelemetry.propagators.composite import CompositePropagator
@@ -31,9 +32,25 @@ def setup_context_propagation() -> None:
 
 
 def shutdown_tracer() -> None:
+    flush_telemetry()
+
+
+def flush_telemetry() -> None:
+    """
+    Best-effort flush for telemetry providers.
+
+    This is mainly used by short-lived command processes (e.g. Kubernetes CronJob)
+    so counters/histograms are exported before the process exits.
+    """
     provider = trace.get_tracer_provider()
     if hasattr(provider, "force_flush"):
-        provider.force_flush()
+        with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+            provider.force_flush()
+
+    metric_provider = metrics.get_meter_provider()
+    if hasattr(metric_provider, "force_flush"):
+        with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+            metric_provider.force_flush()
 
 
 def is_celery_worker():

api/services/retention/workflow_run/clear_free_plan_expired_workflow_run_logs.py

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import datetime
 import logging
-import os
 import random
 import time
 from collections.abc import Iterable, Sequence
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 import click
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, sessionmaker
@@ -20,6 +20,155 @@ from services.billing_service import BillingService, SubscriptionPlan
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from opentelemetry.metrics import Counter, Histogram
+
+
+class WorkflowRunCleanupMetrics:
+    """
+    Records low-cardinality OpenTelemetry metrics for workflow run cleanup jobs.
+
+    Metrics are emitted with stable labels only (dry_run/window_mode/status)
+    to keep dashboard and alert cardinality predictable in production clusters.
+    """
+
+    _job_runs_total: "Counter | None"
+    _batches_total: "Counter | None"
+    _runs_scanned_total: "Counter | None"
+    _runs_targeted_total: "Counter | None"
+    _runs_deleted_total: "Counter | None"
+    _runs_skipped_total: "Counter | None"
+    _related_records_total: "Counter | None"
+    _job_duration_seconds: "Histogram | None"
+    _batch_duration_seconds: "Histogram | None"
+    _base_attributes: dict[str, str]
+
+    def __init__(self, *, dry_run: bool, has_window: bool) -> None:
+        self._job_runs_total = None
+        self._batches_total = None
+        self._runs_scanned_total = None
+        self._runs_targeted_total = None
+        self._runs_deleted_total = None
+        self._runs_skipped_total = None
+        self._related_records_total = None
+        self._job_duration_seconds = None
+        self._batch_duration_seconds = None
+        self._base_attributes = {
+            "job_name": "workflow_run_cleanup",
+            "dry_run": str(dry_run).lower(),
+            "window_mode": "between" if has_window else "before_cutoff",
+        }
+        self._init_instruments()
+
+    def _init_instruments(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            from opentelemetry.metrics import get_meter
+
+            meter = get_meter("workflow_run_cleanup", version=dify_config.project.version)
+            self._job_runs_total = meter.create_counter(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_jobs_total",
+                description="Total number of workflow run cleanup jobs by status.",
+                unit="{job}",
+            )
+            self._batches_total = meter.create_counter(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_batches_total",
+                description="Total number of processed cleanup batches.",
+                unit="{batch}",
+            )
+            self._runs_scanned_total = meter.create_counter(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_scanned_runs_total",
+                description="Total workflow runs scanned by cleanup jobs.",
+                unit="{run}",
+            )
+            self._runs_targeted_total = meter.create_counter(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_targeted_runs_total",
+                description="Total workflow runs targeted by cleanup policy.",
+                unit="{run}",
+            )
+            self._runs_deleted_total = meter.create_counter(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_deleted_runs_total",
+                description="Total workflow runs deleted by cleanup jobs.",
+                unit="{run}",
+            )
+            self._runs_skipped_total = meter.create_counter(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_skipped_runs_total",
+                description="Total workflow runs skipped because tenant is paid/unknown.",
+                unit="{run}",
+            )
+            self._related_records_total = meter.create_counter(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_related_records_total",
+                description="Total related records processed by cleanup jobs.",
+                unit="{record}",
+            )
+            self._job_duration_seconds = meter.create_histogram(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_job_duration_seconds",
+                description="Duration of workflow run cleanup jobs in seconds.",
+                unit="s",
+            )
+            self._batch_duration_seconds = meter.create_histogram(
+                "workflow_run_cleanup_batch_duration_seconds",
+                description="Duration of workflow run cleanup batch processing in seconds.",
+                unit="s",
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception("workflow_run_cleanup_metrics: failed to initialize instruments")
+
+    def _attrs(self, **extra: str) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return {**self._base_attributes, **extra}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _add(counter: "Counter | None", value: int, attributes: dict[str, str]) -> None:
+        if not counter or value <= 0:
+            return
+        try:
+            counter.add(value, attributes)
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception("workflow_run_cleanup_metrics: failed to add counter value")
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _record(histogram: "Histogram | None", value: float, attributes: dict[str, str]) -> None:
+        if not histogram:
+            return
+        try:
+            histogram.record(value, attributes)
+        except Exception:
+            logger.exception("workflow_run_cleanup_metrics: failed to record histogram value")
+
+    def record_batch(
+        self,
+        *,
+        batch_rows: int,
+        targeted_runs: int,
+        skipped_runs: int,
+        deleted_runs: int,
+        related_counts: dict[str, int] | None,
+        related_action: str | None,
+        batch_duration_seconds: float,
+    ) -> None:
+        attributes = self._attrs()
+        self._add(self._batches_total, 1, attributes)
+        self._add(self._runs_scanned_total, batch_rows, attributes)
+        self._add(self._runs_targeted_total, targeted_runs, attributes)
+        self._add(self._runs_skipped_total, skipped_runs, attributes)
+        self._add(self._runs_deleted_total, deleted_runs, attributes)
+        self._record(self._batch_duration_seconds, batch_duration_seconds, attributes)
+
+        if not related_counts or not related_action:
+            return
+
+        for record_type, count in related_counts.items():
+            self._add(
+                self._related_records_total,
+                count,
+                self._attrs(action=related_action, record_type=record_type),
+            )
+
+    def record_completion(self, *, status: str, job_duration_seconds: float) -> None:
+        attributes = self._attrs(status=status)
+        self._add(self._job_runs_total, 1, attributes)
+        self._record(self._job_duration_seconds, job_duration_seconds, attributes)
+
+
 class WorkflowRunCleanup:
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -46,6 +195,10 @@ class WorkflowRunCleanup:
         self.batch_size = batch_size
         self._cleanup_whitelist: set[str] | None = None
         self.dry_run = dry_run
+        self._metrics = WorkflowRunCleanupMetrics(
+            dry_run=dry_run,
+            has_window=bool(start_from),
+        )
         self.free_plan_grace_period_days = dify_config.SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_CLEAN_GRACEFUL_PERIOD
         self.workflow_run_repo: APIWorkflowRunRepository
         if workflow_run_repo:
@@ -74,153 +227,193 @@ class WorkflowRunCleanup:
         related_totals = self._empty_related_counts() if self.dry_run else None
         batch_index = 0
         last_seen: tuple[datetime.datetime, str] | None = None
+        status = "success"
+        run_start = time.monotonic()
+        max_batch_interval_ms = dify_config.SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_CLEAN_BATCH_MAX_INTERVAL
 
-        max_batch_interval_ms = int(os.environ.get("SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_CLEAN_BATCH_MAX_INTERVAL", 200))
+        try:
+            while True:
+                batch_start = time.monotonic()
 
-        while True:
+                fetch_start = time.monotonic()
-            batch_start = time.monotonic()
+                run_rows = self.workflow_run_repo.get_runs_batch_by_time_range(
-
+                    start_from=self.window_start,
-            fetch_start = time.monotonic()
+                    end_before=self.window_end,
-            run_rows = self.workflow_run_repo.get_runs_batch_by_time_range(
+                    last_seen=last_seen,
-                start_from=self.window_start,
+                    batch_size=self.batch_size,
-                end_before=self.window_end,
-                last_seen=last_seen,
-                batch_size=self.batch_size,
-            )
-            if not run_rows:
-                logger.info("workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): no more rows to process", batch_index + 1)
-                break
-
-            batch_index += 1
-            last_seen = (run_rows[-1].created_at, run_rows[-1].id)
-            logger.info(
-                "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): fetched %s rows in %sms",
-                batch_index,
-                len(run_rows),
-                int((time.monotonic() - fetch_start) * 1000),
-            )
-
-            tenant_ids = {row.tenant_id for row in run_rows}
-
-            filter_start = time.monotonic()
-            free_tenants = self._filter_free_tenants(tenant_ids)
-            logger.info(
-                "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): filtered %s free tenants from %s tenants in %sms",
-                batch_index,
-                len(free_tenants),
-                len(tenant_ids),
-                int((time.monotonic() - filter_start) * 1000),
-            )
-
-            free_runs = [row for row in run_rows if row.tenant_id in free_tenants]
-            paid_or_skipped = len(run_rows) - len(free_runs)
-
-            if not free_runs:
-                skipped_message = (
-                    f"[batch #{batch_index}] skipped (no sandbox runs in batch, {paid_or_skipped} paid/unknown)"
                 )
-                click.echo(
+                if not run_rows:
-                    click.style(
+                    logger.info("workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): no more rows to process", batch_index + 1)
-                        skipped_message,
+                    break
-                        fg="yellow",
-                    )
-                )
-                continue
 
-            total_runs_targeted += len(free_runs)
+                batch_index += 1
-
+                last_seen = (run_rows[-1].created_at, run_rows[-1].id)
-            if self.dry_run:
-                count_start = time.monotonic()
-                batch_counts = self.workflow_run_repo.count_runs_with_related(
-                    free_runs,
-                    count_node_executions=self._count_node_executions,
-                    count_trigger_logs=self._count_trigger_logs,
-                )
                 logger.info(
-                    "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s, dry_run): counted related records in %sms",
+                    "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): fetched %s rows in %sms",
                     batch_index,
-                    int((time.monotonic() - count_start) * 1000),
+                    len(run_rows),
+                    int((time.monotonic() - fetch_start) * 1000),
                 )
-                if related_totals is not None:
+
-                    for key in related_totals:
+                tenant_ids = {row.tenant_id for row in run_rows}
-                        related_totals[key] += batch_counts.get(key, 0)
+
-                sample_ids = ", ".join(run.id for run in free_runs[:5])
+                filter_start = time.monotonic()
+                free_tenants = self._filter_free_tenants(tenant_ids)
+                logger.info(
+                    "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): filtered %s free tenants from %s tenants in %sms",
+                    batch_index,
+                    len(free_tenants),
+                    len(tenant_ids),
+                    int((time.monotonic() - filter_start) * 1000),
+                )
+
+                free_runs = [row for row in run_rows if row.tenant_id in free_tenants]
+                paid_or_skipped = len(run_rows) - len(free_runs)
+
+                if not free_runs:
+                    skipped_message = (
+                        f"[batch #{batch_index}] skipped (no sandbox runs in batch, {paid_or_skipped} paid/unknown)"
+                    )
+                    click.echo(
+                        click.style(
+                            skipped_message,
+                            fg="yellow",
+                        )
+                    )
+                    self._metrics.record_batch(
+                        batch_rows=len(run_rows),
+                        targeted_runs=0,
+                        skipped_runs=paid_or_skipped,
+                        deleted_runs=0,
+                        related_counts=None,
+                        related_action=None,
+                        batch_duration_seconds=time.monotonic() - batch_start,
+                    )
+                    continue
+
+                total_runs_targeted += len(free_runs)
+
+                if self.dry_run:
+                    count_start = time.monotonic()
+                    batch_counts = self.workflow_run_repo.count_runs_with_related(
+                        free_runs,
+                        count_node_executions=self._count_node_executions,
+                        count_trigger_logs=self._count_trigger_logs,
+                    )
+                    logger.info(
+                        "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s, dry_run): counted related records in %sms",
+                        batch_index,
+                        int((time.monotonic() - count_start) * 1000),
+                    )
+                    if related_totals is not None:
+                        for key in related_totals:
+                            related_totals[key] += batch_counts.get(key, 0)
+                    sample_ids = ", ".join(run.id for run in free_runs[:5])
+                    click.echo(
+                        click.style(
+                            f"[batch #{batch_index}] would delete {len(free_runs)} runs "
+                            f"(sample ids: {sample_ids}) and skip {paid_or_skipped} paid/unknown",
+                            fg="yellow",
+                        )
+                    )
+                    logger.info(
+                        "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s, dry_run): batch total %sms",
+                        batch_index,
+                        int((time.monotonic() - batch_start) * 1000),
+                    )
+                    self._metrics.record_batch(
+                        batch_rows=len(run_rows),
+                        targeted_runs=len(free_runs),
+                        skipped_runs=paid_or_skipped,
+                        deleted_runs=0,
+                        related_counts={key: batch_counts.get(key, 0) for key in self._empty_related_counts()},
+                        related_action="would_delete",
+                        batch_duration_seconds=time.monotonic() - batch_start,
+                    )
+                    continue
+
+                try:
+                    delete_start = time.monotonic()
+                    counts = self.workflow_run_repo.delete_runs_with_related(
+                        free_runs,
+                        delete_node_executions=self._delete_node_executions,
+                        delete_trigger_logs=self._delete_trigger_logs,
+                    )
+                    delete_ms = int((time.monotonic() - delete_start) * 1000)
+                except Exception:
+                    logger.exception("Failed to delete workflow runs batch ending at %s", last_seen[0])
+                    raise
+
+                total_runs_deleted += counts["runs"]
                 click.echo(
                     click.style(
-                        f"[batch #{batch_index}] would delete {len(free_runs)} runs "
+                        f"[batch #{batch_index}] deleted runs: {counts['runs']} "
-                        f"(sample ids: {sample_ids}) and skip {paid_or_skipped} paid/unknown",
+                        f"(nodes {counts['node_executions']}, offloads {counts['offloads']}, "
-                        fg="yellow",
+                        f"app_logs {counts['app_logs']}, trigger_logs {counts['trigger_logs']}, "
+                        f"pauses {counts['pauses']}, pause_reasons {counts['pause_reasons']}); "
+                        f"skipped {paid_or_skipped} paid/unknown",
+                        fg="green",
                     )
                 )
                 logger.info(
-                    "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s, dry_run): batch total %sms",
+                    "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): delete %sms, batch total %sms",
                     batch_index,
+                    delete_ms,
                     int((time.monotonic() - batch_start) * 1000),
                 )
-                continue
+                self._metrics.record_batch(
-
+                    batch_rows=len(run_rows),
-            try:
+                    targeted_runs=len(free_runs),
-                delete_start = time.monotonic()
+                    skipped_runs=paid_or_skipped,
-                counts = self.workflow_run_repo.delete_runs_with_related(
+                    deleted_runs=counts["runs"],
-                    free_runs,
+                    related_counts={key: counts.get(key, 0) for key in self._empty_related_counts()},
-                    delete_node_executions=self._delete_node_executions,
+                    related_action="deleted",
-                    delete_trigger_logs=self._delete_trigger_logs,
+                    batch_duration_seconds=time.monotonic() - batch_start,
                 )
-                delete_ms = int((time.monotonic() - delete_start) * 1000)
-            except Exception:
-                logger.exception("Failed to delete workflow runs batch ending at %s", last_seen[0])
-                raise
 
-            total_runs_deleted += counts["runs"]
+                # Random sleep between batches to avoid overwhelming the database
-            click.echo(
+                sleep_ms = random.uniform(0, max_batch_interval_ms)  # noqa: S311
-                click.style(
+                logger.info("workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): sleeping for %.2fms", batch_index, sleep_ms)
-                    f"[batch #{batch_index}] deleted runs: {counts['runs']} "
+                time.sleep(sleep_ms / 1000)
-                    f"(nodes {counts['node_executions']}, offloads {counts['offloads']}, "
-                    f"app_logs {counts['app_logs']}, trigger_logs {counts['trigger_logs']}, "
-                    f"pauses {counts['pauses']}, pause_reasons {counts['pause_reasons']}); "
-                    f"skipped {paid_or_skipped} paid/unknown",
-                    fg="green",
-                )
-            )
-            logger.info(
-                "workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): delete %sms, batch total %sms",
-                batch_index,
-                delete_ms,
-                int((time.monotonic() - batch_start) * 1000),
-            )
 
-            # Random sleep between batches to avoid overwhelming the database
+            if self.dry_run:
-            sleep_ms = random.uniform(0, max_batch_interval_ms)  # noqa: S311
+                if self.window_start:
-            logger.info("workflow_run_cleanup (batch #%s): sleeping for %.2fms", batch_index, sleep_ms)
+                    summary_message = (
-            time.sleep(sleep_ms / 1000)
+                        f"Dry run complete. Would delete {total_runs_targeted} workflow runs "
-
+                        f"between {self.window_start.isoformat()} and {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
-        if self.dry_run:
+                    )
-            if self.window_start:
+                else:
-                summary_message = (
+                    summary_message = (
-                    f"Dry run complete. Would delete {total_runs_targeted} workflow runs "
+                        f"Dry run complete. Would delete {total_runs_targeted} workflow runs "
-                    f"between {self.window_start.isoformat()} and {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
+                        f"before {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
-                )
+                    )
+                if related_totals is not None:
+                    summary_message = (
+                        f"{summary_message}; related records: {self._format_related_counts(related_totals)}"
+                    )
+                summary_color = "yellow"
             else:
-                summary_message = (
+                if self.window_start:
-                    f"Dry run complete. Would delete {total_runs_targeted} workflow runs "
+                    summary_message = (
-                    f"before {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
+                        f"Cleanup complete. Deleted {total_runs_deleted} workflow runs "
-                )
+                        f"between {self.window_start.isoformat()} and {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
-            if related_totals is not None:
+                    )
-                summary_message = f"{summary_message}; related records: {self._format_related_counts(related_totals)}"
+                else:
-            summary_color = "yellow"
+                    summary_message = (
-        else:
+                        f"Cleanup complete. Deleted {total_runs_deleted} workflow runs "
-            if self.window_start:
+                        f"before {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
-                summary_message = (
+                    )
-                    f"Cleanup complete. Deleted {total_runs_deleted} workflow runs "
+                summary_color = "white"
-                    f"between {self.window_start.isoformat()} and {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
-                )
-            else:
-                summary_message = (
-                    f"Cleanup complete. Deleted {total_runs_deleted} workflow runs before {self.window_end.isoformat()}"
-                )
-            summary_color = "white"
 
-        click.echo(click.style(summary_message, fg=summary_color))
+            click.echo(click.style(summary_message, fg=summary_color))
+        except Exception:
+            status = "failed"
+            raise
+        finally:
+            self._metrics.record_completion(
+                status=status,
+                job_duration_seconds=time.monotonic() - run_start,
+            )
 
     def _filter_free_tenants(self, tenant_ids: Iterable[str]) -> set[str]:
         tenant_id_list = list(tenant_ids)

api/tests/unit_tests/services/test_clear_free_plan_expired_workflow_run_logs.py

@@ -265,6 +265,61 @@ def test_run_exits_on_empty_batch(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
     cleanup.run()
 
 
+def test_run_records_metrics_on_success(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
+    cutoff = datetime.datetime.now()
+    repo = FakeRepo(
+        batches=[[FakeRun("run-free", "t_free", cutoff)]],
+        delete_result={
+            "runs": 0,
+            "node_executions": 2,
+            "offloads": 1,
+            "app_logs": 3,
+            "trigger_logs": 4,
+            "pauses": 5,
+            "pause_reasons": 6,
+        },
+    )
+    cleanup = create_cleanup(monkeypatch, repo=repo, days=30, batch_size=10)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(cleanup_module.dify_config, "BILLING_ENABLED", False)
+
+    batch_calls: list[dict[str, object]] = []
+    completion_calls: list[dict[str, object]] = []
+    monkeypatch.setattr(cleanup._metrics, "record_batch", lambda **kwargs: batch_calls.append(kwargs))
+    monkeypatch.setattr(cleanup._metrics, "record_completion", lambda **kwargs: completion_calls.append(kwargs))
+
+    cleanup.run()
+
+    assert len(batch_calls) == 1
+    assert batch_calls[0]["batch_rows"] == 1
+    assert batch_calls[0]["targeted_runs"] == 1
+    assert batch_calls[0]["deleted_runs"] == 1
+    assert batch_calls[0]["related_action"] == "deleted"
+    assert len(completion_calls) == 1
+    assert completion_calls[0]["status"] == "success"
+
+
+def test_run_records_failed_metrics(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
+    class FailingRepo(FakeRepo):
+        def delete_runs_with_related(
+            self, runs: list[FakeRun], delete_node_executions=None, delete_trigger_logs=None
+        ) -> dict[str, int]:
+            raise RuntimeError("delete failed")
+
+    cutoff = datetime.datetime.now()
+    repo = FailingRepo(batches=[[FakeRun("run-free", "t_free", cutoff)]])
+    cleanup = create_cleanup(monkeypatch, repo=repo, days=30, batch_size=10)
+    monkeypatch.setattr(cleanup_module.dify_config, "BILLING_ENABLED", False)
+
+    completion_calls: list[dict[str, object]] = []
+    monkeypatch.setattr(cleanup._metrics, "record_completion", lambda **kwargs: completion_calls.append(kwargs))
+
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="delete failed"):
+        cleanup.run()
+
+    assert len(completion_calls) == 1
+    assert completion_calls[0]["status"] == "failed"
+
+
 def test_run_dry_run_skips_deletions(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch, capsys: pytest.CaptureFixture[str]) -> None:
     cutoff = datetime.datetime.now()
     repo = FakeRepo(